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網(wǎng)頁(yè)設(shè)計(jì)制作之改進(jìn)超級(jí)鏈接效果Hyperlinks enable people to jump instantly from page to page, or site to site. Such power can create anxiety. 超鏈接可以使訪(fǎng)問(wèn)者從一個(gè)頁(yè)面跳轉(zhuǎn)至另外一個(gè)頁(yè)面，或從一個(gè)站點(diǎn)跳轉(zhuǎn)至另外一個(gè)站點(diǎn)。但是，這種頻繁的跳轉(zhuǎn)可能使人們產(chǎn)生焦慮。 To help users browse with confidence, links should be absolutely clear and explicit. Principles 1. Text hyperlinks should be clearly distinguishable from normal text. <!--[if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Where you’ll go [跳轉(zhuǎn)地址] <!--[if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->What you’ll get [希望獲取什么內(nèi)容] <!--[if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->What you want to happen [希望產(chǎn)生什么效果] 4. Hyperlinks with different targets should be clearly distinguishable. <!--[if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Links to files [鏈接至一個(gè)文件] <!--[if !supportLists]-->· <!--[endif]-->Links that open or close windows [點(diǎn)擊鏈接后會(huì)打開(kāi)或關(guān)閉窗口] What do you make a link? Hyperlink content example: Amapproved.com A site for locating approved Aston Martins, and it’s good on the whole. This is the search results screen. Guess how you get from search results to see the details on a particular vehicle? The only link is the vehicle model (in the Vehicle summary column). The first, and biggest problem, is that you can’t distinguish the hyperlinks, breaking Principle 1. You don’t know where to click to get more information: you have to guess.
The second problem is: The links look the same although they point to completely different targets (each one is a different used Aston Martin). This breaks Principle 4. Because all the links on this page have the same content (the vehicle model), it’s even less obvious that they might be the link. If I click on "Aston Martin DB7 GT", I would expect to get general information about the Aston Martin DB7 GT car. This breaks Principle 3, because the link is not accurately describing what I’ll get if I click it. What should they do? The "thing you get" is the information about a particular car. The thing that represents the particular car is the entire table row. There is no other unique identifier for the car (mileage, price etc. aren’t necessarily unique). Therefore, the whole row should be the clickable hyperlink. (It would also be helpful if the row changed colour/tone on mouseover). Expressing size in hyperlinks It’s quite common to find computers putting out this kind of information to set user’s expectations when linking to a file: What should it be? There’s no benefit at all in showing more than two significant figures in file sizes. Above should be 47KB. Also, only ever use kilobytes or megabytes for file sizes online. (Good, useful file sizes to 2 significant figures run: 4.7KB, 47KB, 470KB, 4.7MB etc.) Formatting hyperlinks If we have to differentiate text hyperlinks from other text, should this be done with colour or formatting such as underlining/emboldening? The de facto convention has been that hyperlinks are rendered in blue with underlines, that they turn red when clicked, and that visited links are purple. The most readable way to render most text is black on a white background, and making text hyperlinks blue (#00f) works very well on white. It is clearly distinguishable from regular black text, while still providing enough visual contrast to be readable. Blue hyperlink in greyscale: with and without underline.
It’s appropriate to ask if differentiating by colour alone will work for people who are colourblind. The image above is a screen capture of this page, totally desaturated. It shows that, even without colour, there is sufficient tonal difference between black and blue to make the hyperlink clear. The underlined version is a little bit clearer, but showing underline on hover would serve a similar purpose. Should hypelinks be underlined?
Underlining works okay for occasional inline links. I think underlining becomes unhelpful when there are numerous inline links in paragraphs, in lists of links, and when there are lots of sets of links on a page. Here are a couple of examples of collections of hyperlinks, showing the original (underlined) and the same with underlines removed.
Notice how it’s quicker and easier to read the non-underlined blocks of text. In this second example, I have also adjusted the line spacing to make the related words clearer. Consistency It is important that hyperlink formats behave consistently across pages. Obviously, where some text links are on different backgrounds, such as in navigation bars, they may need to use special colours or treatments.
The above snippets are taken from the Guardian Online homepage While most links look similar (#036, mainly not underlined, there are several very different styles applied on the hover, when the mouse pointer moves over the active link. The psychological effect is disconcerting: you are left doubting whether all links will do similar things (i.e. go to another page on this site), or whether you might be taken unexpectedly somewhere else. I think that this schizophrenic behaviour weakens the brand experience, as well as diminishing usability. There is no good reason to treat all the hyperlinks differently. The third example also breaks the second principle, because its colour change makes it weaker, less noticeable, which is not ’highlighting’. Conclusion On balance, it seems that the predominant convention in the industry is to keep #00f or #00c (slightly darker) blue for links, and to make links red and (optionally) underlined on hover. I think that this provides the best balance of functionality when applied consistently to inline hyperlinks and grouped hyperlinks. |
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